The Joy Luck Club By Amy Tan - 1192 Words

(H) The life of women has drastically changed throughout the ages. (CIS) The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan portrays life in America and in China in the 1930’s for women. (GS1) When stories are true, there is more power behind them. (GS2) Novels need accuracy for the book to have feeling. (GS3) A rave-worthy novel needs truth to really draw the reader in. (thesis) Author Amy Tan accurately portrays life for Chinese women in the 1930’s and it enhances the power of the novel because the stories have true roots, the accuracy gives the book more feeling, and the truth behind the stories transports the reader into the novel. (ts) The stories presented in The Joy Luck Club have true roots. (M1) Some of the tales in the novel are based on real people. (m1) â€Å"Tan knew some details of her grandmother s dramatic life: that she had been raped by her merchant husband and committed suicide by swallowing raw opium buried in rice cakes when her daughter, Daisy, Tan s mother, was just n ine years old. But no one had ever mentioned her being a courtesan† (Amy Tan Sydney Morning Herald). (m2) Tan uses her grandmother’s story to create An-Mei’s mother, who is a fourth wife in a courtesan household. (m3) Tan develops An-mei by using her grandmother’s story, showing that being a courtesan is present in china and suicide is used as an escape. This gives the book more power because it shows that An-mei’s death is serious. If the stories in the book are not based on real people, then they are based onShow MoreRelatedThe Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan963 Words   |  4 PagesThe novel The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan shows the past and present experiences of several women including An-mei Hsu, the mother of Rose Hsu Jordan. Beginning at a young age, An-mei has to endure many situations. Her grandmother tells her that her mother is a ghost but she comes back to take care of her grandmother when she is ill. Due to the absence of her mother during her childhood years, she tries to be there for Rose as much as possible but is pushed away. An-mei believes she has nengkin, theRead MoreThe Joy Luck Club By Amy Tan Essay913 Words   |  4 PagesThe Joy Luck Club is the first novel by Amy Tan, published in 1989. The Joy Luck Club is about a group of Chinese women that share family stories while they play Mahjong. When the founder of the club, Suyuan Woo, died, her daughter June replaced her place in the meetings. In her first meeting, she finds out that her lost twin sisters were alive in China. Before the death of Suyuan, the other members of the club located the address of June’s half-sisters. After that, they send June to tell her half-sistersRead MoreThe Joy Luck Club By Amy Tan2055 Words   |  9 Pagesopinion. This is the case within the novel The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan, as the American daughters of the China-born mothers grow up in perpetual disconnect because of their cultural differences. Consequently, the daughters ’ view of their mother’s love is distorted. Without a clear comprehension of their mother’s love, which is shown in forms of her words and actions, the daughters are constantly haunted by life’s difficulties. Thus, The Joy Luck Club emphasizes that a bond between a mother and daughterRead MoreThe Joy Luck Club By Amy Tan Essay2289 Words   |  10 Pagesarticle was written by Amy Tan, who is an English major and an author. Tan originally spoke about this topic at a group discussion about her book, The Joy Luck Club and later turned it into an essay for The Threepenny Review. She wrote this article to explain to writers everywhere that there are many different styles of English and that even someone who has majored in English and has published works can speak unconventional English. In â€Å"Mother Tongue† from The WakeTech Reader, Amy Tan (1989) examines theRead MoreThe Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan841 Words   |  3 PagesIn the Joy Luck Club by Amy T an, tells stories of four Chinese mothers and four Chinese-American daughters and their mother-daughter relationship. The four mothers met in a San Francisco church in 1949. Suyuan Woo, founder of the Joy Luck Club, convinced the other mothers An-Mei Hsu, Lindo Jong, and Yingying St. Clair to join the club. The club would meet every week at one of the mother’s house where they eat food, play mahjong, and brag about their daughters. The Chinese-American daughters tellRead MoreThe Joy Luck Club By Amy Tan930 Words   |  4 PagesMerriam Webster’s dictionary defines sacrifice as â€Å"the act of giving up something that you want to keep especially in order to get or do something else or to help someone†. In Amy Tan’s novel, The Joy Luck Club, a central theme present throughout is sacrifice. This novel depicts the sacrifices made by a group of immigrant mothers in order for their daughters to have a better life in America. Although the daughters do not real ize the reasons behind their mothers motives until their stories and personalRead MoreThe Joy Luck Club By Amy Tan Essay1377 Words   |  6 PagesThe Joy Luck Club is a novel by Amy Tan which tells the individual, cohesive stories of Chinese American daughters and their Chinese mothers. In each story, the cultural differences between mother and daughter acts as a wedge between them. The conflicting cultures of descent and consent causes a conflict between mother and daughter; although they ultimately want to have a relationship with each other, the differences in values make coming together harder. For the mothers, their expectations for theirRead MoreThe Joy Luck Club By Amy Tan1459 Words   |  6 Pages 12/1/15 JLC FLE First Draft English 8-6 Clear Reflection, of Personality The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan follows multiple Chinese-American women who struggle with their self-identity and creating a balance between American and Chinese culture. Because of their immigration and many hardships in life, many of the women feel like they cannot trulyRead MoreThe Joy Luck Club By Amy Tan1164 Words   |  5 PagesThe Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan is about four Chinese immigrant mothers and their four daughters, who were born and raised in America. The mothers, through their experiences in China, have attained vast knowledge that they now wish to pass on to their daughters. One mother, An-mei Hsu, wants to pass on her knowledge to her daughter, Rose Hsu Jordan. Rose is worried about her inevitable divorce with her husband, which was caused by her indecisiveness. An-mei hopes that by giving Rose advice, she canRead MoreAmy Tan s The Joy Luck Club1097 Words   |  5 PagesCulture defines humanity. Culture makes humans different than any other living organism ever kno wn. Culture is what makes humans unique, and yet culture is easily the most misunderstood characteristic of individuals. In Amy Tan’s The Joy Luck Club, Amy Tan develops the theme of incomplete cultural understanding leads to an inability to communicate one’s true intentions through juxtaposition and conflict between mothers and daughters and their cultures. The conflicting Chinese culture of the mothers’

Mollusk Facts

Mollusks (Mollusca) is a taxonomic phylum that contains a diverse array of organisms, including snails, sea slugs, octopuses, squid, and bivalves such as clams, mussels, and oysters. Between 50,000 and 200,000 species are estimated to belong to this phylum. Imagine the obvious differences between an octopus and a clam, and youll get an idea of the diversity among mollusks. Fast Facts: Mollusks Scientific Name: Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda, Monoplacophora, Scaphopoda, Aplacophora, PolyplacophoraCommon Names: Snails, sea slugs, octopuses, squid, and bivalvesBasic Animal Group: InvertebrateSize: Varies from 0.04 inch (solenogasters and gastropods) to 4 feet (giant clam)  Lifespan: 3 years to over 500Diet:  Carnivore or herbivoreHabitat: Oceans and coastal waterways worldwidePopulation: UnknownConservation Status: Most are classified as Least Concern; mollusks make up nearly one-fourth of all marine animals on Earth.   Description Mollusks have a shell and soft body and usually have a distinguishable head and foot region. Some may have a hard covering, or exoskeleton. Mollusks also have a heart that pumps blood through their blood vessels, digestive system, and a nervous system. In addition to a shell, most mollusks have a muscular foot for creeping or burrowing, and some have a head with sense organs. Their soft body includes lungs or gills for breathing and digestive and reproductive parts. These are surrounded by a skin-like organ called the mantle. Mollusks also have bilateral symmetry—one side is a mirror image of the other—and can have one or two shells. Their organs are in a fluid-filled cavity; indeed, the very word mollusk in Latin means soft. The upper body, or the mantle, is a thin, muscular sheet that covers the internal organs. Most mollusks, particularly those with shells, also have gills in the central part of their body cavity. Despite looking fragile, mollusk shells are quite hard. Scientists are even studying nacre, a material found in mollusk shells, to develop materials that are stronger and lighter than steel. Puneet Vikram Singh, Nature and Concept photographer/Getty Images Habitat and Distribution Mollusks—snails, sea slugs, octopuses, squid, and bivalves—are found in habitats ranging from freshwater lakes and rivers to shallow coastal waters to the deepest parts of the oceans, worldwide. Most live in the bottom sediments, though cephalopods are primarily free-swimming species; some snails and clams are terrestrial. Species Mollusks belong to the kingdom Animalia and there are tens of thousands of invertebrates that fit into the Mollusca phylum. New ones are still being discovered, and researchers continue to modify the number and grouping classifications. One common schema used by researchers includes seven classes: Gastropoda (snails and slugs)  Bivalvia (clams, scallops, oysters, mussels)  Cephalopoda (squid, octopi, nautilus)Monoplacophora (limpets)  Scaphopoda (tusk shells)  Aplacophora (shell-less, worm-like animals)  Polyplacophora (chitons)  Ã‚   Diet and Behavior Many mollusks feed using a radula, essentially a series of teeth on a cartilage base. The radula can be used for complex tasks, from grazing on marine algae or drilling a hole in another animals shell. The radula scrapes tiny plants and animals off rocks or tears food into chunks. The adoption of different feeding habits appears to have had a major influence on molluscan evolution, according to the University of California Museum of Paleontology: The change from grazing to other forms of food acquisition is one of the major features in the radiation of the group. Based on our current understanding of relationships, the earliest mollusks grazed on encrusting animals and detritus. Since mollusks are such a wide-ranging phylum, its helpful to look at how one of the organisms that belong to this group feeds and how it captures its prey. Consider the deadly blue-ringed octopus. This mollusk hunts small crabs and shrimp during the day, but it will eat bivalves and small fish if it can catch them. The octopus pounces upon its prey, using its tentacles to pull its catch toward its mouth. Then, its beak pierces the crustaceans exoskeleton and delivers the paralyzing venom. The venom is produced by bacteria in octopus saliva, a combination of tetrodotoxin, histamine, taurine, octopamine, acetylcholine, and dopamine. Once the prey is immobilized, this mollusk uses its beak to tear off chunks of the animal to eat. The saliva also contains enzymes that partially digest flesh, so that the octopus can suck it out of the shell. The blue-ringed octopus is immune to its own venom. Reproduction and Offspring Some mollusks have separate genders, with males and females represented in the species. Others are hermaphroditic, which means they have both male and female reproductive organs. The mollusk life cycle varies greatly among different classes of mollusks and among species within classifications. Squids reproduce sexually: The females lay fertilized eggs in the water which hatch into larvae and then develop on their own. Octopuses do the same, except the females carry the eggs with her until they hatch. Clams, mussels, and oysters produce larvae that drop through the sea water and attach to a host to grow to maturity on. The hosts are usually fish, but oysters prefer the shell of an adult oyster. Land snails are hermaphrodites that mate and both partners produce fertilized eggs. The eggs are deposited in the soil; they hatch with a shell but most consume calcium to make it harden.   Mollusks and Humans The primary use that humans have for mollusks and the rest of ocean-living animals is their ability to filter large quantities of water, up to 10 gallons each. Mollusks are also important to humans as a food source—especially in the Far East and the Mediterranean—and have contributed in numerous ways to human civilization. The shells of cowries (a type of small mollusk that belongs to the gastropod family) were used as money by Native Americans, and the pearls that grow in oysters, as the result of irritation by sand grains, have been treasured for centuries. Another type of mollusk, the murex, was cultured by the  ancient Greeks for its  dye, known as imperial purple, and the cloaks of some rulers were woven from long threads secreted by the bivalve species (twin-shelled mollusks)  called Pinna nobilis. Culturing Tahitian pearls. CampPhoto/Getty Images Conservation Status Over 8,600 molluscs are listed in the IUCN Red List, most classified as Least Concern or Data Deficient, although many are threatened or endangered. The phylum represents nearly one-fourth of all the species on the planet. Threats Increasing levels of carbon dioxide are raising the pH level of the worlds oceans, which in turn, increases the acidity of these bodies of water. This greatly weakens mollusks otherwise strong shells and even makes it difficult for them to produce shells in the first place, threatening their survival. If mollusks begin to die out in mass, then fish and other animals that feed off of them may suffer. Northeastern University marine biologist Brian Helmuth gives the example of the common mussel, a member of the family of bivalve mollusks. In addition to the problem of increased acidity in the oceans, which, as noted, makes it harder for these mollusks to produce shells, the increasing temperatures of the oceans and even the sand and air on the surrounding beaches can mean a death sentence for mussels. â€Å"You are sitting there in the blazing sun, you’re not going to be able to move,† Helmuth says. â€Å"You can’t escape the heat, you can’t escape the sun, you can’t go into a crevice like ... a crab.† Mussels can literally start to cook on the rocks if they get too hot. Helmuth adds that global warming is shrinking the habitat in which mussels and other mollusks can live. And since mollusks are such an integral part of the food chain, that could eventually affect many other animals that depend on them for sustenance. Sources Beeler, Carolyn. To Understand Climate Change, Look at it From a Mussels Perspective. PRIs The World, April 25, 2017.Martinez, Andrew J. Marine Life of the North Atlantic. Aqua Quest Publications, Inc.: New York, 2003.The Mollusca. University of California Museum of Paleontology.â€Å"Molluscs.†Ã‚  Biology Education.Mollusks. Factmonster.Phylum: Mollusks. Mollusk Science.Salvini-Plawen, Luitfried. â€Å"Mollusk.†Ã‚  Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Inc., 13 Apr. 2018,

Once Upon a time x constant image of your face Free Essays

Guilt is a common feeling that humans feel when they have done something wrong. The poets Gabriel Okra and Dennis brutes both express this feeling of guilt in their personae backgrounds. Therefore, okra’s â€Å"Once upon a Time† and brute’s â€Å"It is the Constant Image of Your Face† are poems portrayed with guilt, but they show it in different situations. We will write a custom essay sample on Once Upon a time x constant image of your face or any similar topic only for you Order Now The body of both poems have a specific situation happening. In the poem â€Å"Once upon a Time† the persona wishes to be young again an forget all the lessons he has taught himself. He admits of having to put on a â€Å"mask â€Å"depending on who he is in company with, however he wishes to return to his childhood days when he would laugh a honest laughter. The persona speaks to his son about the times when people WOUld Seem to be sincere and caring when dealing with one another. In the poem â€Å"It is the Constant Image of Your Face† the persona chooses his woman over his county. The persona looks at his love for his country along with his mistress and the heartbreak that is inflicted with his choices. The persona admits that they cannot make excuses for his mistress does not take precedence over the personae country, however he still commits treason against his country by being seduced by his mistress’s beauty and protection. The persona hopes that his country’ will forgive him for choosing his mistress. In both the poems the personae give a feeling of guilt in their events. In the poem â€Å"Once Upon a Time† the poet creates contrast be;en â€Å"heart† and â€Å"faces†. â€Å"Hearts† suggest a deep honest feeling and emotion. Thus, when people shook hands â€Å"with their hearts†, their emotion was true and real. However, when they laugh ‘With their teeth†, not with their eyes. This suggests that the eyes are like the windows of the soul thus letting us see how a person truly feels. In the second poem, â€Å"It is the Constant Image of Your Face† the persona reflects on the image of someone he cares for. The persona admits that both him and his mistress can â€Å"plead excuses† for his behavior because the woman does not take precedence over his country. He is also feeling guilt and sadness because of what he has done. He has committed treason against his country and he hopes his country will pardon him because of his love for his country and woman. The two poems show contrast through literary devices. Personifications and oxymoron are used by the poets in their poems. In the poem ‘it is the Constant Image of Your Face’ the phrase ‘heart’s Treachery’ is an oxymoron used. How to cite Once Upon a time x constant image of your face, Essays

Principles of Law LLB Law

Question: Describe the facts of Principles of Law for LLB Law. Answer: Part A The visit and observation Name and address of the court visited I visited Wood Green Crown Court which is located at Woodall House, Lordship Lane, London N22 5LF. Date visited and time spent at Court I visited the Wood Green Crown Court on 3 March 2016. I entered the Court premises at 10:30 am and left at 13:30 pm. Thus, I spend three and an half hours observing the said court and its proceedings[1]. Details of Court officials During my visit, I observed two different types of court officials. These court officials were court clerk and court usher. I was confused as to the responsibilities of these officials, that is when the court usher introduced me to the court clerk stating the following obligations he requires to perform. I observed that a court clerk is usually responsible for assessing and helping the judge and procedure of the proceedings. The court clerk needs to ensure that everything is in place and everyone is right on time for the court proceedings to start. In case any issues arises, the court clerk informs the judges about the same also helping the judge to update and prepare documents in relation to each proceedings conducted[2]. Additionally, a 50 year old man dressed in a suit introduced himself to me when I first entered a courtroom[3]. He first introduced me to the court clerk and then stated he is the court usher who is responsible for the overall smooth working of a proceeding. It is the duty of a court ushers to ensure that the lawyers, defendants, witnesses and the judges are present in the right position to attend the proceeding. Moreover, the court usher is responsible for calling out the witnesses and the defendants whenever required along with administering oath. The said court usher also stated that Sworn Ushers are responsible for escorting the jury and the judges in and outside courtroom and taking messages from judges and jury. The court usher was a great help to me as he guided me where to sit after all the said explanation. In the courtroom I entered, a female judge, two barristers and two lawyers were also present. Description of Judge and Jury of the Crown Court visitied The courtroom I entered had a female judge around 50 years in age. She was dressed in court formals and looked very used polished and sophisticated. As she was dealing with accused of tender and young age, she had a very sensitive approach and at the same time appeared strict whenever required[4]. Case summary I observed two different cases. The first case related to the offence of grievous hurt. In the said case, a college student harmed another student causing him to suffer serious injuries. The said case was presented by two barristers and lawyer for each side. The defense layer stated that there was no clear evidence to prove the said event demanding dismissal. However, the claimant lawyer stated the presence of evidence in the college CCTV. However, the said case was adjourned and police was asked to bring the CCTV footage in the next hearing. The next case involved a 25 year old man who was caught possessing Class A drugs. He was present with is aunty and a probation officer and the said man pleaded guilty. The lawyer of the said man stated that the 25 year old man is now reformed and is working positively with his aunty. The judge stated she will sentence the man to 12 months of jail and release him occasionally to serve suspended sentence. The probation officer was asked to report the conduct of the said man quarterly. Whether the defendants where legally represented In the two cases which I observed, both the accused were represented by lawyers. In fact, in my opinion, both the accused were aware of their offences and in the second case, the accused pleaded guilty and the lawyer just helped him to get a considerably low order or sentence[5]. Defendants understating of the case In my opinion, the lawyers in both the cases did a great task to do the best for their clients. In the first case, the defendant lawyers of the student who was accused request dismissal of case due to lack of evidence and the claimant lawyers stated to provide CCTV footage as evidence. Moreover, in the second case, the lawyer of the man who was caught possessing drugs did a great job in lowering the sentence of the man and making the judge see the sensitive side of the offender. Thus, proper representation can be very helpful like in the second case observed by me. In my opinion, the offenders and the parties in the said two cases understood what was happening in the proceeding, however, I believe in complex proceedings of murder, rape, the complex proceeding must be difficult for a layman to grab[6]. Part B There are many judiciary bodies in the United Kingdom amongst which the Crown Courts are established to hear serious criminal offences which are headed by a judge or a jury[7]. In the said criminal cases, the judge makes the orders using appropriate law and manages the proceedings of the trail. Moreover, the jury in the said cases considers the evidences after which it decides whether the accused is guilty or innocent. In criminal cases where jury considers the accessed guilty, the judge passes the sentence where accused is sentenced to appropriate prison term. It is the duty of the judge of Crown Courts to ensure that the jury is aware of its legal position at every proceeding so that the law is not defeated[8]. The duties of the judge in a Crown Court are as follows:- The judge in a Crown Court is in charge of the trail. It is the duty of the judge of the Crown Court to ensure that the proceedings are fairly conducted[9] The judge in a Crown Court sentences the accused whenever found guilty The judges in the Crown Courts have the power to override the guilty decision of the jury, however, the said power is rarely used in exceptional cases[10] Thus, in the said case I believe the female judge who was heading the criminal proceeding observed by me did everything to fulfill her duty as a judge of the Crown Court. In the first case, where a student was accused of causing grievous hurt to another student, the judge called or the jury to look for the evidence. However, as the evidence was not available in the present proceeding which I witnessed, the jury was called upon the review the evidences in the following date of proceeding. In the said case, the female judge managed the trial, the said judge did not dismiss the case before reviewing evidence claimed to be presented which makes the trial fair[11]. Thus, in the first case, the said female judge did everything to fulfill her duties as a judge of the Crown Court. In the second case, a 25 year old man was caught possessing Group A drugs. In the said case, the attitude of the judge was very comforting and friendly and she spoke to the accused in relation to the facts of the c ase very casually[12]. I observed that in the Crown Court, judges are given certain discretionary powers which can be used whenever required or whenever the judge feels appropriate to use the same. In the said case, the female judge used her discretionary power to sentence the 25 year old man with community services which is allowed under the statute of England and Wales. The female judge was very friendly and appreciated the man for pleading his guilt and welcoming the reformation in his life by offering serve to the community and reforming his lifestyle including the new job he has initiated[13]. The female judge showed her sensitive side in trying to encourage offenders to become respected citizens of the society, thus, the said man was freed on the condition that he continues to undertake the training and help from the probation officer until he ensures the Court that he is a perfect and an active member of the society. The judge in the said case considered the fact that the sad offence was the first offence of the accused and concentrated more on reformation than punishment which proves that the said female judge is very efficient and believes in not only punishing offenders but also reforming them to leave the world of crime and live respectfully as citizens of the society. Thus, the female judge in the courtroom I visited possessed every quality and fulfilled every duty required to be fulfilled by an efficient and an experience judge of the Crown Court. Part C My first visit to the Crown Courts taught me how the English law actually operates. In theory, we study courtrooms proceedings and the attitude of judges and lawyers to be very serious and engaging, however my experience made me realize that the proceeding in reality including the attitude of the personnel in the courtroom is very friendly and clam. I was welcomed in the Court where the guard introduced me to the receptionist who assisted me to visit Courtroom No. 6 where proceeding had just begun. Crown Courts deliver justice that is fair and detailed and a trial can take months to complete from the date of its first proceeding. Thus, the proceedings in the Crown Courts are quick to the point and yet review every detail of the case. There are majorly four types of activities which take place in a Crowns Court. These activities are appeal from magistrate Courts decision, sentencing defendants from magistrate courts, conducting jury trails and sentencing accused who are considered gui lty during or after trail in the Crown Courts. The Crown Courts was established to hear criminal trials and there is no further appeal above the decision of the said Court except High Court. Thus, the Crown Courts stand right in the middle having a superior position than the Magistrate Courts in United Kingdom but lower than the Hugh Courts. Thus, my visit to the Crown Court taught me a lot about the hierarchy along with the manner in which the lawyers, judges and barristers are dressed in a courtroom and the elegance which they criminal carry in conducting themselves. I feel my visit was worth it and wish I could stay longer or re-visit to understand much more about criminal proceedings of more serious offences and also experience the conduct of lawyers and judges along with jury in criminal matters which are complex and require a lot of application of law to present facts. I would love to visit a Crown Court and observe many different proceedings relating to different offences and learn to develop the thinking which lawyers and judges apply while arguing and deciding a criminal case. Additionally, I would also like to personally speak to the judges and the lawyers in the Crown Courts and ask them to share their rare and valued experience with me or guide me as to how I can learn and observe law in the practical world of courtrooms[14]. However, the journey of arguing a matter in my opinion is a long process which is expensive in nature as the Crown Courts are established in geographically bigger cities o the United Kingdom[15]. In my next visit, I would thus, also like to know the approximate cost of filing or arguing a criminal matter in the Crowns Court in the United Kingdom. The best feature I observed about the English legal system was that used both the claimant and the accused were given equal chance to present their case with or without the help of lawyers which makes the trial proceeding fair and guarantees delivery of justice in the appropriate mann er. Thus, the said visit to the Wood Green Crown Court has enhanced my knowledge about how law is practically applied in courtrooms and how judges have powers which can be used in exceptional cases f the statute permits. The said visit has also increased my curiosity to personally communicate or assist a lawyer to gain over all and a deeper insight of the criminal law in the United Kingdom[16]. Bibliography Ashworth, Andrew, and J. Roberts. "The origins and nature of the sentencing guidelines in England and Wales."Sentencing guidelines: exploring the english model. Oxford University Press, Oxford(2013): 1-12. Ashworth, Andrew, and Jeremy Horder.Principles of criminal law. Oxford University Press, 2013. Ashworth, Andrew, and Mike Redmayne.The criminal process. Oxford University Press, USA, 2010. Bean, Philip.Drugs and crime. Routledge, 2014. Board, Judicial Studies. "Crown court bench book: Directing the jury."London, UK: Author(2010). Dicey, Albert Venn.The law of the Constitution. Vol. 1. OUP Oxford, 2013. Easton, Susan, and Christine Piper.Sentencing and punishment: The quest for justice. Oxford University Press, 2012. George, E. "UK Computer Misuse ActThe Trojan Virus Defence Regina v Aaron Caffrey, Southwark Crown Court, 17 October 2003."Digital Investigation1 (2015). Law, Jonathan, ed.A dictionary of law. OUP Oxford, 2015. Malleson, Kate, and Richard Moules.The legal system. Vol. 2. Oxford University Press, 2010. Radnor, Zoe, and Robert Johnston. "Lean in UK Government: internal efficiency or customer service?."Production Planning Control24.10-11 (2013): 903-915. Roberts, Paul, and Adrian Zuckerman.Criminal evidence. Oxford University Press, 2010. Slapper, Gary, and David Kelly.The English Legal System: 2011-2012. Taylor Francis, 2011. Tomkins, Adam. "The role of the courts in the political constitution."University of Toronto Law Journal60.1 (2010): 1-22. Ward, Jenni. "Are problem solving courts the way forward for justice."Howard League What Is Justice working papers2 (2014): 2014. Young, David, et al.Abuse of process in criminal proceedings. Tottel Pub., 2012. [1] Board, Judicial Studies. "Crown court bench book: Directing the jury."London, UK: Author(2010). [2] Ashworth, Andrew, and Mike Redmayne.The criminal process. Oxford University Press, USA, 2010. [3] Tomkins, Adam. "The role of the courts in the political constitution."University of Toronto Law Journal60.1 (2010): 1-22. [4] Roberts, Paul, and Adrian Zuckerman.Criminal evidence. Oxford University Press, 2010. [5] Malleson, Kate, and Richard Moules.The legal system. Vol. 2. Oxford University Press, 2010. [6] Slapper, Gary, and David Kelly.The English Legal System: 2011-2012. Taylor Francis, 2011 [7] Easton, Susan, and Christine Piper.Sentencing and punishment: The quest for justice. Oxford University Press, 2012. [8] Radnor, Zoe, and Robert Johnston. "Lean in UK Government: internal efficiency or customer service?."Production Planning Control24.10-11 (2013): 903-915. [9] Ashworth, Andrew, and Jeremy Horder.Principles of criminal law. Oxford University Press, 2013. [10] Dicey, Albert Venn.The law of the Constitution. Vol. 1. OUP Oxford, 2013. [11] Ward, Jenni. "Are problem solving courts the way forward for justice."Howard League What Is Justice working papers2 (2014): 2014. [12] Bean, Philip.Drugs and crime. Routledge, 2014. [13] Ashworth, Andrew, and J. Roberts. "The origins and nature of the sentencing guidelines in England and Wales."Sentencing guidelines: exploring the english model. Oxford University Press, Oxford(2013): 1-12. [14] Young, David, et al.Abuse of process in criminal proceedings. Tottel Pub., 2012. [15] Law, Jonathan, ed.A dictionary of law. OUP Oxford, 2015. [16] George, E. "UK Computer Misuse ActThe Trojan Virus Defence Regina v Aaron Caffrey, Southwark Crown Court, 17 October 2003."Digital Investigation1 (2015).